General specifications for different types of articles:

• Submitted manuscripts should not have been submitted elsewhere or published previously, except in a limited form (e.g., short communication to a symposium or as part of MSc or PhD theses), and should not be under consideration for publication by other journals.
• All co-authors must agree with the content of the manuscript. Authors must obtain permission to use any copyrighted material in the manuscript before submission.

EJHPS publishes different types of articles:

• Original Article (6000 words with 4 tables and 4 figures, maximum 8 display items): Articles with novel findings are the target of EJHPS. Articles presenting a detailed description of a new technique, comparison of existing methods, and meta-analyses with comprehensive and in-depth discussion are considered. Papers in a numbered series are not accepted unless all are submitted at the same time.
• Short communications or case studies (3000 words with 4 display items): Short communications present exceptionally exciting, novel or timely content are considered. They will be peer-reviewed in the same way as the original research papers. The references are restricted to about 15.
• Reviews or systematic review (9000 words with 10 display items): These are either invited by the Editorial Board or unsolicited. Review articles must be contemporary and comprehensive and add information to the current state of knowledge. Sharp critical analyses of novel data or concepts are encouraged. When relevant, statistical analysis of data and meta-analysis approaches are recommended.
• Opinion, Letter to The Editor or Comment to the Editor (1500 words with 2 display items): These are submitted by invitation from the Editorial Board. They are short papers, which aim to inform scientists, industry, the public, and policymakers about cutting-edge issues in research or the impact of research. They reflect the opinion of their authors who bear full responsibility for the submitted paper for publication. The references are restricted to 10.
• Conference/Symposium papers: The EJHPS shall consider for publication the results of original work and critical reviews that have been presented at conferences/symposia. Symposium organizers who wish to publish bundles of papers from a symposium/conference in EJHPS shall first contact the Editor-in-Chief of EJHPS (EACR@unv.tanta.edu.eg) for approval. Supplementary material can be proposed and will be made available online. The preparation of the submitted manuscript shall adhere to the structure and regulations of EJHPS. Upon request, the manuscripts may be published in a special issue.
• Theses: Upon request, EJHPS may consider for publication the summary and abstract of Master and PhD theses in a special issue.

Language (Arabic/English): Good quality of written Arabic and English of the submitted manuscript is a must. Spelling may be in British or American English but must be consistent throughout the paper. Care should be exercised in the use of terminology that is ill-defined or of local familiarity only. The EJHPS recommends that authors have their manuscripts checked by an English or Arabic language native speaker before submission.

Manuscript Layout: Manuscripts shall be prepared using a standard word processing program and presented in a clear readable format with easily identified sections and headings. The manuscript layout is based on the following directions.

The main text contains the title, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Material and Methods, Results, Discussion, References, Tables, and Figures.

• The title needs to be concise and informative. Use bold letters, with an initial capital for the first word only, and for words that ordinarily take capitals.
• Short (running) title (max 80 characters including spacing).
• The article text should be typed with double line spacing with wide margins (2.5 cm).
• The lines must be continuously numbered; the pages must also be numbered.
• Simplified Arabic font 14 should be used for the text, and 12 for the tables, figure legends, and references.
• The sections should typically be assembled in the following order:
• The title page contains the title, authors' names, full affiliations, acknowledgments and the corresponding author’s contacts and short title.
• Abstract (max 250 words, single paragraph): The abstract should be clear, concise, and understandable without citation, references, tables, or figures. Use structured abstract: Background, Aim, Methodology, Results, and Conclusion. The background should not be more than two sentences showing the context and the rationale of the study and presented succinctly to support the objectives. Only the main methods and the key findings (main results) are summarized but should not be overburdened by numerical or probabilistic values. The abstract ends with a short and clear conclusion that should not be more than two sentences.
• Keywords: Up to five short and specific keywords should complement the title indicating the subject of the paper. The keywords should be written in alphabetical order.

Introduction: The Introduction section of the manuscript should briefly outline the context of the work, present the issues that the authors are addressing and the rationale that supports and clearly defines the objectives.

Methodology: This section of the manuscript should be described in sufficient detail so that others can follow it. Reference to previously published work may be used to give methodological details if they are readily accessible.

Results: Data are presented as tables and figures. A brief description of the results for each table and figure should be presented. Unpublished data can be mentioned when necessary. Additional data can be presented as supplementary figures or tables. Figure legends should be included in the manuscript text after the reference section.

Discussion: This should be separate from the Results section and should focus only on intra- and inter-data discussion (the data in the results section) as well as the relative data in the literature. Do not repeat information already presented in the Introduction. Start the first paragraph in the Discussion with a paragraph stating the rationale behind the study, the objectives, and the main findings. End the Discussion with a short conclusion and significance.

Acknowledgments: In this section, the authors may acknowledge (briefly) their support staff and funding bodies.

Conflict of interest: All papers with a potential conflict of interest must include a description/explanation in a separate heading.

Funding details: The authors should state the financial support of the study (funding source and/or grant number). If there is no funding source, the authors should state that the study is self-funded.

References:

Citation of references: In the text, references should be cited by the author(s) surname(s), and the year of publication (e.g., Salem, 2024 or Salem et al., 2024). References with two authors should be cited with both surnames (e.g., Salem and Meshrif, 2024). References with three or more authors should be cited with the first author followed by et al. (in italics, e.g., Salem et al., 2024). Names of organizations used as authors (e.g., Food and Drug Administration; FDA) should be written out in full in the list of references and on the first mention in the text. Subsequent mentions may be abbreviated (e.g., FDA). List of references. Literature cited should be listed in alphabetical order by authors' names. It is the responsibility of the authors to ensure that all references are correct and are formatted and ordered correctly. All authors’ names as well as the full name of the journal of publication should be clearly stated.

References from journal articles are formatted in APA as in this example:

• Salem ML, Mona MM, Ziada M, Bassiony MA. 2020. Potential antitumor effects of egg extract and purple fluid from marine Aplysia fasciata against experimental Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Egyptian Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research 4(3):229-241.
• References from books or official reports are formatted as this example.
• Clements AN. 1992. The Biology of Mosquitoes. Volume 1: Development, Nutrition and Reproduction. London, UK: Chapman & Hall.
• References from chapters or parts of books are formatted as this example.
• Plimmer JR. 1992. Dissipation of pesticides in the environment. In: Schnoor JL, editor. Fate of Pesticides and Chemicals in the Environment. New York: Wiley. p 79-91.

Tables:

• The data should be presented in tables in a separate file named “Tables”.
• Each table should have a short title above the table.
• Each table should be placed on a separate page.
• Tables should be numbered consecutively using Arabic numbering. They should be referred to as Table 1, Table 2, etc., with capital ‘T’, no italics.
• Each table should have its explanatory caption. The caption should be sufficient to permit the table to be understood without reference to the text.
• Abbreviations used in tables should be defined either as footnotes or in the caption.

Figures:

• Package the figures in a single PowerPoint file. Each figure is on a separate slide. Each slide should show the figure’s number (e.g. Figure 1), the last name of the corresponding author. the submitted year, and the journal abbreviation (e.g. Figure 1: Salem et al., 2024, EJHPS).
• Figure size should be readable in a width of approximately 8-175 mm (i.e., the maximum size of printing over two columns).
• Ensure that the font size is large enough to be readable at the final print size, use Calibri font to ensure that they are consistent throughout the figures.
• The figures should preferably be provided as TIFF or EPS files.
• The resolutions of figures must be at least 300 dpi.
• Preparation of images for a manuscript: For guidance, we refer to the Journal of Cell Biology’s instructions to authors (http://jcb.rupress.org/site/misc/ifora.xhtml#image_aquisition).
• If a cropped image is included, display the full original image.
• Supplementary material is submitted along with the main manuscript in a separate file and identified at uploading as "Supplementary File – for Online Publication Only" The title of the article is included at the top of the supplementary material.
• The figure legends are included in the manuscript text on a separate page after the Reference section.

Corresponding author’s guidelines:

• Authorship should be restricted to those who have made significant contributions to the study's conception, design, execution, or interpretation. All authors must actively participate in the drafting of the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content. Merely providing technical support or general supervision is not sufficient for authorship.
• All those who have made significant contributions should be recognized as co-authors. Those who have contributed to the work but do not fulfill the authorship criteria outlined here should be acknowledged in the “Acknowledgements” section. The corresponding author has the responsibility to ensure that all co-authors have given their approval for the final version of the manuscript and have consented to its submission for publication. The authorship contribution should be stated in a separate heading in the manuscript before the Reference section. The corresponding author is responsible for the order of the authorship.
• The definitive list of all authors must be provided when submitting the manuscript. Please ensure that the authorship information on the manuscript (the title page) matches the information you entered in the journal's submission system. Please note that if there is any inconsistency (for example, in the order of the co-authors), the information on the title page will be considered accordingly.

Changes in Authorship:

Adding and/or removing authors, and/or changes in the corresponding author, and/or changes in the order of co-authors are generally not permitted, but in certain cases, and with a valid reason, it may be allowed. Please note that changes in authorship are only permissible during the review process. No changes are allowed after the manuscript is accepted for publication. To make any modification in authorship, you must seek approval by contacting the Editor-in-Chief of the journal. Your request for changes should be accompanied by a clear and valid reason.

Originality and Reporting Standards:

• The manuscript should be an original work. EJHPS does not allow the submission of manuscripts that have already been published or are currently under review by another journal or that are partially published in a peer-reviewed journal in any form.
• Authors must appropriately cite the sources of other works, words, ideas, or figures used in the manuscript. Text copied from another source must be appropriately quoted and cited according to the APA Reference Style. Authors are required to provide a precise description of the work conducted, especially regarding the collection and analysis of data, as well as its interpretation. The manuscript should accurately represent the underlying data. It is essential to include enough information and references in the study to enable others to reproduce the research. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements are considered unethical and are not tolerated and will result in manuscript rejection.
• As stated in the Code of Ethics (AERA) “in presenting their work, researchers report their findings fully and do not omit relevant data. They report results whether they support or contradict the expected outcomes.” (https://www.aera.net/About-AERA/AERA-Rules-Policies/Professional-Ethics)

Data Availability:

We encourage authors to share the research data used in their paper either by depositing it in a public repository or including it as supplementary materials during submission.

Disclosure of financial sources and conflict of interests:

When submitting their manuscript to EJHPS, authors must provide a declaration that discloses any financial or other substantive conflicting or competing interests that could potentially impact the findings or interpretation of the manuscript. Additionally, all sources of financial support should be disclosed. This should be stated in the “title-page.” Even if there is no conflict of interest to be disclosed, you must specify it.

Avoiding Discrimination and Using Inclusive Language:

We recommend that authors who submit their manuscripts to EJHPS avoid all kinds of discriminatory attitudes and expressions and use inclusive language. Inclusive language refers to the use of words and phrases that do not marginalize or exclude certain groups of people (regarding race, ethnicity, nationality, disability, health status, age, or gender), and avoiding terms that involve prejudices, stigma, and stereotypes.

Copyright and Licensing:

The policy for copyright shall be clearly stated in the copyright holder named on the cover page of each published article both in HTML and PDFs. The final accepted versions or published articles are archived at the repositories of EACR website as well as those of the Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).

Publication Fees:

The journal charges 3000 LE as publication fees for the Egyptian authors and 100 US$ (or its equivalent) for the non-Egyptian authors. EACR members receive a 10% discount on these publication fees.